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Scientific controversy

Oil is not fossil fuelAtlas

Environment & Climate · Energy industry influence

Accounts claiming petroleum and natural gas form abiotically deep in the Earth and can replenish producing fields, versus mainstream petroleum geology treating commercial oil and gas as fossil hydrocarbons generated from ancient organic matter in sedimentary basins.

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Sources

95 links · 30 cited in evidence

  • 1.Thomas Gold, Cornell astronomer and brilliant scientific iconoclast, dies at 84 | Cornell Chroniclenews.cornell.eduCited in evidence
  • 2.Photography · Cornell University Brand Centerbrand.cornell.eduCited in evidence
  • 3.In Living Color: A Photographic Portal to a Past Cornell - Cornellians | Cornell Universityalumni.cornell.eduCited in evidence
  • 4.Decades Ago, Avid Photographer Captured Campus Life on Film - Cornellians | Cornell Universityalumni.cornell.eduCited in evidence
  • 5.Cornell announces moratorium on fossil fuel investments | Cornell Chroniclenews.cornell.eduCited in evidence
  • 6.Measuring electricity - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)eia.govCited in evidence
  • 7.U.S. Energy Information Administration - EIA - Independent Statistics and Analysiseia.govCited in evidence
  • 8.Harassment and intimidation incident at Day Hall | University Statements | Cornell Universitystatements.cornell.eduCited in evidence
  • 9.Oil (petroleum) - Energy Kids: U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)eia.govCited in evidence
  • 10.Pinch book recalls the disputatious Tommy Gold | Cornell Chroniclenews.cornell.eduCited in evidence
  • 11.Use of diesel - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)eia.govCited in evidence
  • 12.Fossil fuel divestment: An FAQ for the Cornell community | University Statements | Cornell Universitystatements.cornell.eduCited in evidence
  • 13.Fossil fuel divestment: An FAQ for the Cornell community | Cornell Chroniclenews.cornell.eduCited in evidence
  • 14.Concern Reporting at Cornell | University Compliancecompliance.cornell.eduCited in evidence
  • 15.Solar thermal power plants - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)eia.govCited in evidence
  • 16.British thermal units (Btu) - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)eia.govCited in evidence
  • 17.History of wind power - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)eia.govCited in evidence
  • 18.Oil (petroleum) timeline - Energy Kids: U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)eia.govCited in evidence
  • 19.Petroleum & Other Liquids Data - U.S. Energy Information Administration ...eia.govCited in evidence
  • 20.U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) | Department of Energyenergy.govCited in evidence
  • 21.Today in Energy - U.S. Energy Information Administration ...eia.govCited in evidence
  • 22.Opendata - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)eia.govCited in evidence
  • 23.USGS Energy Resources Programusgs.govCited in evidence
  • 24.Oil and petroleum products explainedeia.govCited in evidence
  • 25.USGS Publications Warehousepubs.usgs.govCited in evidence
  • 26.National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicinenationalacademies.orgCited in evidence
  • 27.Petroleumbritannica.comCited in evidence
  • 28.Natural gas explainedeia.govCited in evidence
  • 29.Obituary: Thomas Gold, 1920-2004 - ADSui.adsabs.harvard.eduCited in evidence
  • 30.Analysis Reports - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)eia.govCited in evidence
  • 31.Obituary: Thomas Gold, 1920-2004 - ADSui.adsabs.harvard.edu
  • 32.Visual Resources – Cornell University Librarylibrary.cornell.edu
  • 33.The U.S. Energy Information Administrationcongress.gov
  • 34.Oil not always a ‘fossil fuel’ · Creation.comcreation.com
  • 35.Oil and petroleum products explained - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)eia.gov
  • 36.Petroleum & Other Liquids - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)eia.gov
  • 37.Homepage - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)eia.gov
  • 38.Glossary - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)eia.gov
  • 39.Glossary - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)eia.gov
  • 40.Glossary - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)eia.gov
  • 41.History of gasoline - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)eia.gov
  • 42.U.S. energy facts explained - consumption and production - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)eia.gov
  • 43.Renewable energy systems would replace only half U.S. fossil-fuel use, while occupying vast tracts of land, Cornell study says | Cornell Chroniclenews.cornell.edu
  • 44.Cornell University president accused of backing into student in ...youtube.com
  • 45.Oil Is NOT A ‘Fossil Fuel’, It Is Abiotic. Thomas Gold Was Right All Along | Principia Scientific, Intl.principia-scientific.com
  • 46.The Great Oil Conspiracy: It has been known since the end of WWII that oil is not a fossil fuel; it is abiotic - The Exposeexpose-news.com
  • 47.Cornell University settles with Trump administration to restore $250m in funds | US universities | The Guardiantheguardian.com
  • 48.Cornell University Campus Photo Tourthoughtco.com
  • 49.Electricity - Energy Kids: U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)eia.gov
  • 50.Disciplinary Misconduct Charges and Premed Students at Cornell University - LLF National Law Firmstudentdisciplinedefense.com
  • 51.Thomas gold hi-res stock photography and images - Alamyalamy.com
  • 52.Thomas Gold - Physics Todayphysicstoday.aip.org
  • 53.Cornell University Images and Stock Photosgettyimages.com
  • 54.Cornell University | Photographs, Photographers and Photographypindelski.org
  • 55.Gallery - 150 Years of Cornell University150.cornell.edu
  • 56.Thomas Gold - Wikipediaen.wikipedia.org
  • 57.Thomas Gold (1920–2004) | Astronomy.comastronomy.com
  • 58.Thomas Gold | Astrophysics, Cosmology & Extraterrestrial Life | Britannicabritannica.com
  • 59.Thomas Gold Poster by Science Photo Library - Science Photo Gallerysciencephotogallery.com
  • 60.Wind - Energy Kids: U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)eia.gov
  • 61.Some Scientists Say Oil Isn't a Fossil Fuel: Debate Could Change Industry | The Epoch Timestheepochtimes.com
  • 62.Thomas Gold | Encyclopedia MDPIencyclopedia.pub
  • 63.Oil Is Not A Fossil Fuel - YouTubeyoutube.com
  • 64.Thomas Gold - Biography, Facts and Picturesfamousscientists.org
  • 65.Thomas Gold (@thomasgold) / Xx.com
  • 66.U.S. Energy Information Administration | Flickrflickr.com
  • 67.The 250-year history of U.S. energy consumption - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)eia.gov
  • 68.History of energy consumption in the United States, 1775–2009 - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)eia.gov
  • 69.Is there any evidence that oil isn't really a 'fossil fuel' and that ... - Quoraquora.com
  • 70.Studio portrait of Thomas Gold Appleton, Boston, Mass., 1860-1861 | Historic New Englandhistoricnewengland.org
  • 71.cmv: Oil is Abiotic and is not a fossil fuel : r/changemyview - Redditreddit.com
  • 72.What Are Fossil Fuels?ocean.si.edu
  • 73.Oil does not regenerate faster ‘than it could ever be depleted’ – Full Factfullfact.org
  • 74.Oil | Understand Energy Learning Hubunderstand-energy.stanford.edu
  • 75.Sustainable design of Cornell University campus energy systems toward climate neutrality and 100% renewablessciencedirect.com
  • 76.Proof Oil Is Not a Fossil Fuel: A Deeper Dive into the Deceptiontacticalinvestor.com
  • 77.Massimo on X: "Fun fact. Oil and gas may not be 'fossil fuels', but renewable energy source created by a geothermal reaction between the solid mantle and liquid core. This is according to the abiogenic petroleum origin hypothesis, that posits that petroleum and natural gas are formed from" / Xx.com
  • 78.Cornell University Notable Alumni | 10 Famous MBAsgmac.com
  • 79.Why is oil called a fossil fuel?h-o-m-e.org
  • 80.Does science know with certainty that oil is a fossil fuel and not a naturally ...quora.com
  • 81.Thomas Gold Pictures | Rotten Tomatoesrottentomatoes.com
  • 82.Crude Oil to Petrol: Fossil Fuel and Abiotic Theory of Oil (Oil and Gas Economics)youtube.com
  • 83.Is anyone following up on Thomas Gold's theory ...quora.com
  • 84.History of Cornell Universityen.wikipedia.org
  • 85.What Are Fossil Fuels? ⛽️ Coal, Oil & Natural Gas Explained!youtube.com
  • 86.Fact Check: The term ‘fossil fuel’ was not coined by John D. Rockefeller to trick people into thinking oil is a scarce commodityreuters.com
  • 87.List of Cornell University alumni - Wikipediaen.wikipedia.org
  • 88.Fossil Fuel Investigations: How to Find Stories Using Oil and Gas Supply Chains – ACDCacdatacollective.org
  • 89.International - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)eia.gov
  • 90.Thomas Gold - Famous Astronomersfamousastronomers.org
  • 91.Thomas Gold | Encyclopedia.comencyclopedia.com
  • 92.Abiotic Oil - Skeptoidskeptoid.com
  • 93.Obituary: Thomas Goldtheguardian.com
  • 94.Where our oil comes from in depth - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)eia.gov
  • 95.Thomas Gold: 1920 - 2004 – Physics Worldphysicsworld.com

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